Palavras-chave
digital MRV
forest monitoring
environmental integrity
institutional governance
carbon markets
Como Citar
Resumo
Forest-based climate policies increasingly rely on digital measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems, yet technical performance alone may not ensure the credibility of the information they produce. This study examines how digital and artificial intelligence capabilities interact with technical performance and institutional governance in REDD+ MRV. We conducted a comparative conceptual and methodological study of six functionally heterogeneous analytical units - Google Earth Engine, Global Forest Watch, Planet Labs, Sylvera, MapBiomas, and INPE (PRODES/DETER) - using secondary scientific, technical, and institutional evidence. We developed the MRV-related Environmental Integrity Index (MRV-EII), combining accuracy, consistency, transparency, verifiability, and traceability through Analytic Hierarchy Process weighting, and tested its sensitivity under alternative weighting scenarios. MRV-EII scores ranged from 0.65 to 0.99. Accuracy and consistency showed relatively limited dispersion, whereas transparency, verifiability, and traceability varied more strongly across units and contributed more strongly to differences in aggregate scores under the main weighting structure. Rankings remained broadly stable across weighting scenarios and unchanged after excluding accuracy, although units characterized by stronger technical than institutional performance were more sensitive to technical weighting. An illustrative application to Acre, Brazil, showed that the framework can be operationalized in a jurisdictional configuration without constituting program-level validation. The findings support a sociotechnical interpretation of MRV integrity: greater digital capability does not necessarily translate into greater integrity unless technical performance is accompanied by institutional conditions that make results transparent, verifiable, and traceable.
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