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Abstract
Complicated appendicitis, which includes perforation of the appendix, abscess and peritonitis, represents a common surgical emergency which, if not treated effectively, can result in serious complications. Traditionally, the treatment of complicated appendicitis involves open surgery, which can be associated with long recovery times and an increased risk of infection. In recent years, minimally invasive approaches, such as laparoscopy, have been shown to be effective and safe alternatives, offering significant benefits both in terms of recovery and reduction of complications. The aim of this study is to analyze minimally invasive strategies in the management of complicated appendicitis, comparing them with traditional approaches, and to discuss the advantages and challenges of this approach in terms of efficacy, safety and postoperative recovery. The literature review analyzes advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis, with an emphasis on modern surgical techniques, such as laparoscopic appendectomy, and comparisons between minimally invasive and open approaches. The study addresses up-to-date guidelines, technological innovations, and considers the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of interventions, with a focus on complicated appendicitis. Several studies have shown that laparoscopy in complicated appendicitis offers advantages over conventional surgery, including shorter hospital stays, lower infection rates and reduced postoperative pain. The laparoscopic technique also allows direct visualization of other possible complications, such as abscesses or additional lesions, facilitating appropriate management. However, laparoscopy in complicated cases can be challenging due to intense inflammation and the presence of adhesions. Even so, success rates are promising, with faster recovery and fewer complications. It can be concluded that minimally invasive strategies, especially laparoscopy, have proven to be effective in the management of complicated appendicitis, offering clear benefits over conventional approaches, such as reducing recovery time and minimizing post-operative complications. However, the choice of technique must take into account the surgeon’s experience and the patient’s clinical condition, and careful evaluation is essential to optimize results.
References
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